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            <h1>GPT</h1>
</a><p><a href="https://pytorch.org">これは PyTorch における <a href="https://openai.com/blog/better-language-models/">OpenAI GPT アーキテクチャのチュートリアル/実装です。</a><a href="https://twitter.com/karpathy">@karpathy によって <a href="https://github.com/karpathy/minGPT">MingPT</a> から実装の詳細をたくさん得ました。</a>この実装では、文字サイズの小さいシェイクスピアデータセットも使用しています</p>。
<p>GPTモデルは基本的に、いくつかの調整を加えた標準のトランスフォーマーです。GPT-2、特にGPT-3のモデルは非常に大きく、単一のGPUには収まらないため、モデルの並列処理が必要になります。この実装はデータ並列処理すら使用せず、どちらかというとチュートリアルのようなものです</p>。
<p>単純な自己回帰変換器との主な違いは、パラメータの初期化、重みの減衰、学習率のスケジュールです。トランスフォーマーには、<a href="../transformers/index.html">既存のlabml/nnトランス実装を再利用します</a></p>。
<p>これは、Tiny ShakespeareデータセットでGPTモデルをトレーニングするためのノートブックです。</p>
<p><a href="https://colab.research.google.com/github/labmlai/annotated_deep_learning_paper_implementations/blob/master/labml_nn/transformers/gpt/experiment.ipynb"><img alt="Open In Colab" src="https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg"></a></p>

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        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">34</span><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">torch</span>
<span class="lineno">35</span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">torch</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">nn</span>
<span class="lineno">36</span>
<span class="lineno">37</span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">labml</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">experiment</span>
<span class="lineno">38</span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">labml.configs</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">option</span>
<span class="lineno">39</span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">labml_helpers.module</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Module</span>
<span class="lineno">40</span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">labml_nn.experiments.nlp_autoregression</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">NLPAutoRegressionConfigs</span>
<span class="lineno">41</span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">labml_nn.optimizers.configs</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">OptimizerConfigs</span>
<span class="lineno">42</span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">labml_nn.transformers</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">TransformerConfigs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Encoder</span>
<span class="lineno">43</span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">labml_nn.transformers.utils</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">subsequent_mask</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-1'>
        <div class='docs doc-strings'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-1'>#</a>
            </div>
            <h2>GPT モデル</h2>
<p>これは、トークン埋め込み層、トランスフォーマーエンコーダー、およびトークンロジットを提供する最後の線形層で構成されています。</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">46</span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">GPT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Module</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-2'>
        <div class='docs doc-strings'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-2'>#</a>
            </div>
            <ul><li><code  class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">encoder</span></code>
<a href="../models.html#Encoder">変圧器エンコーダです</a></li>
<li><code  class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">src_embed</span></code>
<a href="../models.html#EmbeddingsWithLearnedPositionalEncoding">はトークン埋め込みモジュールです (位置エンコーディング付き)</a></li>
</ul><li><code  class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">generator</span></code>
<a href="../models.html#Generator">ロジットを生成する最後の完全接続層です</a>。</li>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">54</span>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">encoder</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Encoder</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">src_embed</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Module</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">generator</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Module</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-3'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-3'>#</a>
            </div>
            
        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">61</span>        <span class="nb">super</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="lineno">62</span>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">src_embed</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">src_embed</span>
<span class="lineno">63</span>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">encoder</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">encoder</span>
<span class="lineno">64</span>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">generator</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">generator</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-4'>
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                <a href='#section-4'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>マスクは最初の呼び出しで初期化されます</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">67</span>        <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mask</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-5'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-5'>#</a>
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        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">69</span>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Tensor</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-6'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-6'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>マスクが初期化されていない場合やマスクのサイズが異なる場合は、後続のマスクを作成します</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">72</span>        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mask</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-7'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-7'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>次にマスクすると、トークンがマスクされ、将来のトークンが見えなくなります</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">74</span>            <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mask</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">subsequent_mask</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">device</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-8'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-8'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>位置エンコーディングによるトークンの埋め込みを取得</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">76</span>        <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">src_embed</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-9'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-9'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>トランスエンコーダー</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">78</span>        <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">encoder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-10'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-10'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>ロジットを取得</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">80</span>        <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">generator</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-11'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-11'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>結果を返します（トレーナーはRNNでも使用されるため、2番目の値は状態用です）</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">84</span>        <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">None</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-12'>
        <div class='docs doc-strings'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-12'>#</a>
            </div>
            <h2>コンフィギュレーション</h2>
<p>これは以下から継承されます <a href="../../experiments/nlp_autoregression.html#NLPAutoRegressionConfigs"><code  class="highlight"><span></span><span class="n">NLPAutoRegressionConfigs</span></code>
</a></p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">87</span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Configs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">NLPAutoRegressionConfigs</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-13'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-13'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>GPT モデル</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">96</span>    <span class="n">model</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">GPT</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-14'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-14'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>変圧器</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">98</span>    <span class="n">transformer</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TransformerConfigs</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-15'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-15'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>体重減少</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">100</span>    <span class="n">weight_decay</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">float</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">0.1</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-16'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-16'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>ウォームアップ用のトークン数</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">102</span>    <span class="n">warmup_steps</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">128</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">128</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">20</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-17'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-17'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>カスタムオプティマイザー</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">105</span>    <span class="n">optimizer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;transformer_optimizer&#39;</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-18'>
        <div class='docs doc-strings'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-18'>#</a>
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            <h3>変圧器構成</h3>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">108</span><span class="nd">@option</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Configs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">transformer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;GPT&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="lineno">109</span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_transformer_configs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Configs</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-19'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-19'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p><a href="../configs.html#TransformerConfigs">設定可能なトランス実装を使用しています</a></p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">116</span>    <span class="n">conf</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TransformerConfigs</span><span class="p">()</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-20'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
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            </div>
            <p>埋め込みやロジットの生成に使用するボキャブラリーサイズを設定</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">118</span>    <span class="n">conf</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">n_src_vocab</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">n_tokens</span>
<span class="lineno">119</span>    <span class="n">conf</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">n_tgt_vocab</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">n_tokens</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-21'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
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            </div>
            <p>GPT は GELU アクティベーションを使用して位置ごとのフィードフォワードを行います</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">121</span>    <span class="n">conf</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ffn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">activation</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;GELU&#39;</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-22'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
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            </div>
            <p></p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">124</span>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">conf</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-23'>
        <div class='docs doc-strings'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-23'>#</a>
            </div>
            <h3>ウェイトを初期化</h3>
<p>線形レイヤーと埋め込みレイヤーの重みは、デフォルトの Xavier <span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathcal" style="margin-right:0.14736em;">N</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqh" style=""><span class="mord" style="">0</span></span><span class="mpunct">,</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqh" style=""><span class="mord" style="">0</span></span><span class="mord">.</span><span class="mord coloredeq eqh" style=""><span class="mord" style="">0</span></span><span class="mord">2</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span> 初期化の代わりに初期化されます。</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">127</span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_init_weights</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-24'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-24'>#</a>
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        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">136</span>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Linear</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Embedding</span><span class="p">)):</span>
<span class="lineno">137</span>        <span class="k">return</span>
<span class="lineno">138</span>
<span class="lineno">139</span>    <span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">weight</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">normal_</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mean</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.02</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-25'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-25'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>バイアスを初期化 <span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.64444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqh" style=""><span class="mord" style="">0</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">142</span>    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Linear</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bias</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="lineno">143</span>        <span class="n">module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bias</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">zero_</span><span class="p">()</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-26'>
        <div class='docs doc-strings'>
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                <a href='#section-26'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>GPT モデルの作成と重みの初期化</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">146</span><span class="nd">@option</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Configs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">model</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="lineno">147</span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_model</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Configs</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-27'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-27'>#</a>
            </div>
            
        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">151</span>    <span class="n">m</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">GPT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">transformer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">encoder</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="lineno">152</span>            <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">transformer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">src_embed</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="lineno">153</span>            <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">transformer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">generator</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">device</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-28'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-28'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>カスタムウェイト初期化を適用</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">156</span>    <span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">apply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_init_weights</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="lineno">157</span>
<span class="lineno">158</span>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">m</span></pre></div>
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    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-29'>
        <div class='docs doc-strings'>
            <div class='section-link'>
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            </div>
            <h3>ウェイトディケイを含むカスタムオプティマイザーの作成</h3>
<p><a href="https://github.com/karpathy/minGPT">このコードはMingPTから取得したものです</a>。これにより、ウェイトディケイは線形レイヤーのウェイトにのみ適用されます</p>。

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">161</span><span class="nd">@option</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">NLPAutoRegressionConfigs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">optimizer</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="lineno">162</span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">transformer_optimizer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">NLPAutoRegressionConfigs</span><span class="p">):</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-30'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-30'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>パラメータの名前を収集してウェイトディケイを適用する</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">170</span>    <span class="n">decay</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="lineno">171</span>    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">mn</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">model</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">named_modules</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="lineno">172</span>        <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pn</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">p</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">named_parameters</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="lineno">173</span>            <span class="n">fpn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="sa">f</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">mn</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s1">.</span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">pn</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">mn</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="n">pn</span>  <span class="c1"># full param name</span>
<span class="lineno">174</span>
<span class="lineno">175</span>            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">fpn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">endswith</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;weight&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Linear</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="lineno">176</span>                <span class="n">decay</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fpn</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-31'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-31'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>すべてのパラメータを取得</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">179</span>    <span class="n">param_dict</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">pn</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">p</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pn</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">p</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">model</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">named_parameters</span><span class="p">()}</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-32'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-32'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>減衰しないパラメータ</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">181</span>    <span class="n">no_decay</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">param_dict</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">decay</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-33'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-33'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>pytorch オプティマイザーオブジェクトを作成する</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">184</span>    <span class="n">opt_groups</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="lineno">185</span>        <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&quot;params&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">param_dict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">pn</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pn</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">sorted</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">decay</span><span class="p">))],</span> <span class="s2">&quot;weight_decay&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">weight_decay</span><span class="p">},</span>
<span class="lineno">186</span>        <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&quot;params&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">param_dict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">pn</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">pn</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">sorted</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">no_decay</span><span class="p">))],</span> <span class="s2">&quot;weight_decay&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">},</span>
<span class="lineno">187</span>    <span class="p">]</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-34'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-34'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p><a href="../optimizers/configs.html#OptimizerConfigs">設定可能なオプティマイザーを作成して</a>、設定辞書を渡すだけでこれらを変更できるようにします。</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">192</span>    <span class="n">optimizer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">OptimizerConfigs</span><span class="p">()</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-35'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-35'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>最適化用のパラメータグループを設定します。</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">195</span>    <span class="n">optimizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">parameters</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">opt_groups</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-36'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-36'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p><a href="../optimizers/adam_warmup_cosine_decay.html">コサイン減衰オプティマイザーを使用してください</a>。これがGPTが使用するものです</p>。

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">198</span>    <span class="n">optimizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">optimizer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;AdamWarmupCosineDecay&#39;</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-37'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-37'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>モデル埋め込みサイズを設定します。指数関数的に減衰する <a href="../optimizers/noam.html">Noam オプティマイザーを使用する場合に必要です</a>。</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">201</span>    <span class="n">optimizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">d_model</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">d_model</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-38'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-38'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>デフォルトのウェイトディケイを設定します。パラメータグループでウェイトディケイを設定しているので、これは必須ではありません</p>。

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">204</span>    <span class="n">optimizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">weight_decay</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">weight_decay</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-39'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-39'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>GPT の最大学習率はです。<span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.72777em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord">6</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.848448em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord coloredeq eqf" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqh" style="">0</span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.848448em;"><span style="top:-3.09734em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">206</span>    <span class="n">optimizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">learning_rate</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">6e-4</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-40'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-40'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05278em;">β</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.30110799999999993em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.05278em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqh" style=""><span class="mord" style="">0</span></span><span class="mord">.9</span><span class="mpunct">,</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05278em;">β</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.30110799999999993em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.05278em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.64444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqh" style=""><span class="mord" style="">0</span></span><span class="mord">.95</span></span></span></span></span></p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">208</span>    <span class="n">optimizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">betas</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.9</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.95</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-41'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-41'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">ϵ</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.848448em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord coloredeq eqf" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqh" style="">0</span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.848448em;"><span style="top:-3.09734em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">8</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">210</span>    <span class="n">optimizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">eps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">1e-8</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-42'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-42'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>重量の減衰は勾配から切り離されます</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">212</span>    <span class="n">optimizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">weight_decouple</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-43'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-43'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>学習率コサイン減衰の最適化ステップの総数</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">214</span>    <span class="n">optimizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">total_steps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">epochs</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">text</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">train</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">batch_size</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">seq_len</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-44'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-44'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>ウォームアップ最適化ステップの数</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">216</span>    <span class="n">optimizer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">warmup</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">warmup_steps</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">batch_size</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">seq_len</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="lineno">217</span>
<span class="lineno">218</span>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">optimizer</span></pre></div>
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    <div class='section' id='section-45'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-45'>#</a>
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        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">221</span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">():</span></pre></div>
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        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-46'>#</a>
            </div>
            <p>実験を作成</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">223</span>    <span class="n">experiment</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;gpt&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span></pre></div>
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            <div class='section-link'>
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            <p>コンフィグの作成</p>

        </div>
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            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">225</span>    <span class="n">conf</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Configs</span><span class="p">()</span></pre></div>
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    <div class='section' id='section-48'>
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            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-48'>#</a>
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            <p>オーバーライド設定</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">227</span>    <span class="n">experiment</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">configs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">conf</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span></pre></div>
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    <div class='section' id='section-49'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-49'>#</a>
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            <p>キャラクターレベルのトークナイザーを使う</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">229</span>        <span class="s1">&#39;tokenizer&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">&#39;character&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span></pre></div>
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            <p>プロンプトセパレータが空白</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">231</span>        <span class="s1">&#39;prompt_separator&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span></pre></div>
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            <p>サンプリングの開始プロンプト</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">233</span>        <span class="s1">&#39;prompt&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">&#39;It is &#39;</span><span class="p">,</span></pre></div>
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            <p>タイニー・シェイクスピア・データセットを使う</p>

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            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">235</span>        <span class="s1">&#39;text&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">&#39;tiny_shakespeare&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span></pre></div>
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            <p>コンテキストサイズを次の値にしてください <span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.64444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqe" style=""><span class="mord" style="">128</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">238</span>        <span class="s1">&#39;seq_len&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">128</span><span class="p">,</span></pre></div>
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            <p><span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.64444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord">32</span></span></span></span></span>時代に合わせた列車</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">240</span>        <span class="s1">&#39;epochs&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">32</span><span class="p">,</span></pre></div>
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            <p>バッチサイズ <span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.64444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqe" style=""><span class="mord" style="">128</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">242</span>        <span class="s1">&#39;batch_size&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">128</span><span class="p">,</span></pre></div>
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            <p>エポックごとにトレーニングと検証を切り替える <span ><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.64444em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord coloredeq eqf" style=""><span class="mord" style="">1</span><span class="mord" style=""><span class="mord coloredeq eqh" style="">0</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">245</span>        <span class="s1">&#39;inner_iterations&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span></pre></div>
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    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-57'>
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            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-57'>#</a>
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            <p>変圧器構成</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">248</span>        <span class="s1">&#39;transformer.d_model&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">512</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="lineno">249</span>        <span class="s1">&#39;transformer.ffn.d_ff&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2048</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="lineno">250</span>        <span class="s1">&#39;transformer.n_heads&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="lineno">251</span>        <span class="s1">&#39;transformer.n_layers&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">6</span>
<span class="lineno">252</span>    <span class="p">})</span></pre></div>
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                <a href='#section-58'>#</a>
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            <p>保存および読み込み用のモデルを設定する</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">255</span>    <span class="n">experiment</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_pytorch_models</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s1">&#39;model&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">conf</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">model</span><span class="p">})</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-59'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-59'>#</a>
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            <p>実験を始める</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">258</span>    <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">experiment</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">():</span></pre></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-60'>
        <div class='docs'>
            <div class='section-link'>
                <a href='#section-60'>#</a>
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            <p>トレーニングを実行</p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">260</span>        <span class="n">conf</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span></pre></div>
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    </div>
    <div class='section' id='section-61'>
        <div class='docs'>
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                <a href='#section-61'>#</a>
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            <p></p>

        </div>
        <div class='code'>
            <div class="highlight"><pre><span class="lineno">264</span><span class="k">if</span> <span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">&#39;__main__&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="lineno">265</span>    <span class="n">main</span><span class="p">()</span></pre></div>
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